Dixie Bibb Graves |
Aug. 20, 1540 – The DeSoto Expedition departed the ancient
Indian town of Coosa (Cosa, Coca), which was located on the east bank of
Talladega Creek, 1.5 miles northeast of Childersburg in Talladega County, Ala.
They arrived at the town on July 16, 1540.
Aug. 20, 1692 – In connection with the Salem witchcraft
trials, Margaret Jacobs recanted the testimony that led to the execution of her
grandfather, George Jacobs Sr., and George Burroughs.
Aug. 20, 1707 – The first Siege of Pensacola came to an end
with the failure of the British to capture Pensacola, Florida.
Aug. 20, 1741 - Danish navigator Vitus Jonas Bering
discovered Alaska.
Aug. 20, 1775 – The Spanish established the Presidio San
Augustin del Tucson in the town that became Tucson, Arizona.
Aug. 20, 1794 – At the Battle of Fallen Timbers, General “Mad Anthony” Wayne proved that the fragile young American republic could counter a military threat when he put down Shawnee Chief Blue Jacket’s confederacy near present-day Toledo, Ohio, with the newly created 3,000-man strong Legion of the United States.
Aug. 20, 1800 – In an incident attributed to the Bermuda
Triangle, the USS Pickering disappeared with a crew of 90 while en route to
Guadeloupe in the West Indies from New Castle, Delaware.
Aug. 20, 1804 - Sergeant Charles Floyd died three months into the voyage of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, becoming the only member of the Corps of Discovery to die during the journey. Lewis read the funeral service, and the two captains concluded the ceremony by naming the nearby stream Floyds River and the hill Floyds Bluff. Based on the symptoms described by Lewis and Clark, modern physicians have concluded that Floyd was probably died of peritonitis caused by a ruptured appendix.
Aug. 20, 1824 – During his extended tour of the United
States, the Marquis de Lafayette left New York City and made several
stops on his way to Bridgeport, Conn., stopping in Harlem, New Rochelle, Byram
Bridge and Putnam Hill in Greenwich, Stamford, Norwalk, Saugatuck (Westport)
and Fairfield before reaching Bridgeport and staying at the Washington Hotel.
Aug. 20, 1832 – David Holmes passed away in Winchester, Va.
at the age of 63. On June 5, 1815, as the Territorial Governor of Mississippi,
Holmes would establish Monroe County by proclamation.
Aug. 20, 1833 - Benjamin Henry Harrison, the 23rd President
of the United States, was born in North Bend, Ohio.
Aug. 20, 1847 – During the Mexican-American War, Mark B.
Travis, a younger brother of William Barrett Travis who died at the Alamo, was
said to have been wounded on this day at the Battle of Churubusco a few miles
outside of Mexico City.
Aug. 20, 1858 – Charles Darwin first published his theory of
evolution through natural selection in “The Journal of the Proceedings of the
Linnean Society of London,” alongside Alfred Russel Wallace's same theory.
Aug. 20, 1861 – During the Civil War, skirmishes were fought at Lookout Station and Fish Lake, Mo.
Aug. 20, 1861 – During the Civil War, skirmishes were fought at Hawk’s Nest and Laurel Fork Creek, West Virginia.
Aug. 20, 1862 – During the Civil War, New York Tribune
editor Horace Greeley's "The Prayer of Twenty Millions" was published
in the New York Tribune, and the editorial called on U.S. President Abraham
Lincoln to declare emancipation for all slaves in Union-held territory. Lincoln
was already planning to emancipate slaves, but he did not admit it publicly
until a month later with his preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.
Aug. 20, 1866 - U.S. President Andrew Johnson formally
declared that the American Civil War was over even though fighting had stopped
months earlier.
Aug. 20, 1868 – The seven-acre Goldsmith and Frohlichstein
extension was added to Magnolia Cemetery in Mobile, Ala., adjacent to the
Jewish Rest section. The elevated and highly desirable plots in this section
eventually became the resting place for both Jews and Gentiles, and came to
contain some of the more elaborate sculptures and mausolea in the entire
cemetery.
Aug. 20, 1879 – Between Monroeville and Perdue Hill, a posse
made up of Jonathan I. Watson, W.C. Tucker and Dr. Henry Rankin arrested murder
suspect Charles Roberts, who had escaped with four other men from the Monroe
County Jail the day before. Roberts apparently had been trying to make his way
back to his former home at Claiborne, but was found completely exhausted after
having walked, apparently lost in the dark, all night. He was taken back to jail,
put in an iron cage and placed in shackles and irons.
Aug. 20, 1890 – H.P. Lovecraft was born at 9 a.m. at his
family home on Angell Street in Providence, Rhode Island. Lovecraft went on to
become a writer of horror, fantasy, and science-fiction, which was known back
in his day as simply "weird fiction." He introduced the Cthulhu
Mythos, in which characters had encounters with powerful and horrendous
prehistoric beings, as well as the Necronomicon, a fictional grimoire of
magical and forbidden lore.
Aug. 20, 1908 – National Baseball Hall of Fame catcher and
manager Al Lopez was born in Tampa, Fla. During his career, he played for the
Brooklyn Robins/Dodgers, the Boston Bees, the Pittsburgh Pirates and the
Cleveland Indians and he also managed the Indians and the Chicago White Sox. He
was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1977.
Aug. 20, 1918 – Novelist Jacqueline Susann was born in
Philadelphia, Pa. She is best remembered for her 1966 novel, “Valley of the
Dolls.”
Aug. 20, 1920 – Professional football is born as seven men
met to organize a professional football league at the Jordan and Hupmobile Auto
Showroom in Canton, Ohio. The meeting led to the creation of the American
Professional Football Conference, the forerunner of the National Football
League.
Aug. 20, 1920 – The first commercial radio station, 8MK (now
WWJ), began operations in Detroit, Mich.
Aug. 20, 1937 - Dixie Bibb Graves took her seat in the U.S.
Senate to become Alabama's first female senator. Only the fourth woman to serve
as a U.S. senator, Graves had been appointed by her husband, Gov. Bibb Graves,
to succeed Hugo Black, who had been appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court.
Aug. 20, 1938 – Lou Gehrig hit his 23rd career grand slam, a
record that stood for 75 years until it was broken by Alex Rodriguez.
Aug. 20, 1940 – During World War II, British Prime Minister
Winston Churchill made the fourth of his famous wartime speeches, containing
the line "Never was so much owed by so many to so few." The Battle of
Britain was raging, and he was referring to the small group of the Royal Air
Force who had successfully held off the much larger Luftwaffe, the German air
force.
Aug. 20, 1945 - Tommy Brown of the Brooklyn Dodgers became
the youngest player to hit a home run in a Major League Baseball game. Brown
was 17 years, 8 months and 14 days old.
Aug. 20, 1948 – Poet Heather McHugh was born in San Diego,
Calif.
Aug. 20, 1949 - Cleveland’s Indians and Chicago’s White Sox
played at Municipal Stadium in Cleveland before the largest crowd, 78,382 people,
to see a nighttime major-league baseball game.
Aug. 20, 1951 – Preseason practice was scheduled to begin at
Evergreen High School under head coach Wendell Hart. All players were asked to
meet at the Memorial Gym at 2 p.m., and the Aggies were scheduled to open the
1951 season on Sept. 14 against Millry in Evergreen.
Aug. 20, 1965 - Civil rights worker Jonathan Daniels, a white Episcopal seminary student from Keene, New Hampshire, was murdered by shotgun at point-blank range in Hayneville in Lowndes County, Ala. Special (and unpaid) deputy sheriff Tom Coleman, an ardent segregationist, admitted to the shooting, but was acquitted by an all-white jury six weeks later. It’s said that Daniels sacrificed his life for young black activist Ruby Sales whom he pushed out of the way of the blast.
Aug. 20, 1977 – Cropduster Gary Earl Geck, 26, of
Castleberry, Ala. killed in plane crash n a wooded area on the Appleton Road in
the southwestern section of Conecuh County.
Aug. 20, 1977 - Voyager 2 was launched by the United States.
The spacecraft was carrying a 12-inch copper phonograph record containing
greetings in dozens of languages, samples of music and sounds of nature.
Aug. 20, 1994 – Chris McCutcheon, 17, of Evergreen, Ala. was
critically injured when the 1993 Honda Prelude he was driving collided with a
northbound CSX train around 10:15 a.m. at the railroad cross near the Old Depot
in downtown Evergreen.
Aug. 20, 1997 - Alabama Governor Fob James joined the mayors
of Montgomery and Georgina, Ala. in the Alabama State Capitol to dedicate a
50-mile stretch of Interstate 65 to the memory of Hank Williams. The section of
roadway was renamed the "Hank Williams Memorial Lost Highway."
Aug. 20, 1998 - The U.N. Security Council extended trade
sanctions against Iraq for blocking arms inspections.
Aug. 20, 2005 - Thomas Herrion of the San Francisco 49ers
collapsed and died after a preseason game in Denver.
Aug. 20, 2008 – Beatrice, Ala. native and NFL player
Clarence “Butch” Edmund Avinger passed away at the age of 79 in Birmingham.
Avinger played quarterback at Alabama and was a first-round pick (ninth
overall) of the Pittsburgh Steelers in the 1951 Draft. He would debut in the
NFL with the New York Giants in 1953 and played a total of 12 pro games.
Aug. 20, 2010 - A federal grand jury indicted former
baseball player Roger Clemens for lying to the U.S. Congress about steroid use.
The trial ended in a mistrial.
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